La era de los agentes ya está aquí, pero el sector aún tiene que ganarse su lugar en ella

Logotipo de KERV.ai x Advertising Week

Por Gary Mittman, director ejecutivo de KERV.ai 

 

En la Reunión Anual de Liderazgo de la IAB de 2026, una cosa quedó clara: el sector ya no debate si la inteligencia artificial transformará la publicidad. La verdadera pregunta es si somos capaces de establecer las normas, la infraestructura y la confianza necesarias para garantizar que este cambio beneficie a los consumidores, a las marcas y a los editores, y no solo a los sistemas que optimizan el ecosistema.

 

La reunión de este año no se percibió tanto como una conferencia, sino más bien como un punto de referencia en medio de una gran transición. Los directivos hablaron con una franqueza inusual. Había optimismo, pero también cansancio. Entusiasmo, pero también inquietud. Detrás de casi todas las conversaciones se percibía la misma tensión: el futuro está llegando más rápido de lo que el sector está preparado para afrontarlo.

 

La IA es la fuerza dominante, pero aún no contamos con una estrategia común

 

La IA no fue simplemente un tema en ALM, sino que impregnó todo el ambiente. Los ponentes la describieron como el próximo cambio de paradigma, a la altura de la publicidad programática, los dispositivos móviles y las redes sociales. Hubo un amplio consenso en que la IA transformará la publicidad, el comercio, el descubrimiento de contenidos y el comportamiento de los consumidores en los próximos dos años.

 

Pero lo que más llamó la atención no fue el consenso sobre el carácter transformador de la IA, sino la falta de acuerdo sobre lo que vendrá después.

 

El sector avanza rápidamente hacia las experiencias «agentes»: el descubrimiento «agente», las compras «agente» y los sistemas de toma de decisiones autónomos que actúan en nombre de los consumidores. Sin embargo, los editores, las plataformas y las marcas siguen careciendo de un marco unificado que defina cómo deben funcionar estos sistemas, cómo se deben monetizar y cómo se debe garantizar la rendición de cuentas cuando las decisiones las toma la IA en lugar de las personas.

 

Lo que se desprendía de todo ello era una sensación de urgencia sin claridad.

 

La confianza se ha convertido en un indicador empresarial de primer orden

 

La confianza se convirtió en una prioridad tanto moral como comercial. Muchos líderes reconocieron lo que los consumidores llevaban años señalando: la década de 2010 minó la confianza a través de los titulares sensacionalistas, las experiencias publicitarias invasivas, la segmentación opaca y las prácticas de tratamiento de datos que anteponían los resultados a corto plazo a la credibilidad a largo plazo.

 

En respuesta a ello, el sector se está decantando por entornos que se perciben como más humanos y auténticos, como los creadores de contenido, los influencers, los podcasts y las inserciones publicitarias más pequeñas y selectivas. Estos formatos obtienen sistemáticamente puntuaciones elevadas en cuanto a confianza, atención y afinidad con la marca.

 

Pero también ponen de manifiesto la tensión estructural del sector: lo que más confianza inspira a los consumidores suele ser lo que se escala con menor eficiencia.

 

El auge del audio es una realidad, pero las limitaciones empresariales siguen ahí

 

El audio ha acaparado una atención desmesurada este año, impulsado en parte por el patrocinio y el deseo del sector de diversificarse más allá de los medios audiovisuales. El audio sigue obteniendo resultados excepcionalmente buenos en cuanto a resonancia emocional y confianza, pero en muchas sesiones se reconocieron los mismos puntos de fricción fundamentales:

 

  • La medición del impulso de marca y del grado de conocimiento sigue avanzando lentamente
  • La atribución sigue siendo débil e indirecta
  • Es difícil demostrar el retorno de la inversión a gran escala
  • El audio sigue representando una pequeña parte de la mayoría de los planes de medios

 

El audio es muy eficaz, pero no resulta eficiente desde el punto de vista operativo. Esa misma tensión se puso de manifiesto en los debates sobre los creadores e influencers: gran impacto, gran confianza, pero difícil de medir y de ampliar a gran escala.

 

La complejidad está provocando el agotamiento en todo el ecosistema

 

Uno de los temas más destacados en ALM fue la franqueza con la que se abordó el agotamiento. La publicidad digital se ha vuelto más compleja, menos transparente y cada vez más mediada por intermediarios. El «impuesto de la tecnología publicitaria» salió a relucir en repetidas ocasiones, a medida que los líderes reconocían la pérdida de valor que se produce entre compradores y editores.

 

El año pasado, el informe «2025 Programmatic Transparency Benchmark» de la ANA reveló que solo alrededor del 41 % de la inversión publicitaria programática llega a inventario de calidad de los editores, mientras que el resto lo absorben los intermediarios y las ineficiencias, lo que supone miles de millones en valor mediático no aprovechado en todo el ecosistema.

 

La IA se presenta tanto como la solución como el riesgo. La automatización basada en agentes podría simplificar los flujos de trabajo, pero a muchos les preocupa que introduzca nuevas capas de opacidad en lugar de eliminar las antiguas.

 

Este cansancio refleja lo que hemos vivido en KERV, lo que confirma que estos retos son de carácter sistémico y no específicos de una empresa concreta.

 

La privacidad, la normativa y el comercio entran ahora en conflicto

 

Las autoridades reguladoras tuvieron una presencia destacada este año, entre ellas el fiscal general de Nebraska, y el mensaje fue claro: la protección de los consumidores está cobrando impulso, y la inteligencia artificial está aumentando lo que está en juego.

 

A medida que los sistemas basados en la inteligencia artificial se vuelvan más potentes (y más opacos), aumentará la presión regulatoria. La privacidad, la confianza y el cumplimiento normativo ya no son iniciativas independientes, sino que están convergiendo en una única preocupación estratégica para todas las empresas que operan en los sectores de la publicidad y el comercio.

 

La creatividad y el contexto vuelven a ser la base

 

Aunque rara vez se plantean como tema principal, la calidad creativa y la relevancia contextual surgieron repetidamente como una corriente subyacente fundamental. A medida que las señales de identidad se debilitan y la segmentación se vuelve más limitada, el sector está redescubriendo una verdad fundamental: la publicidad funciona mejor cuando se adapta al momento.

 

El contexto ya no es una estrategia de reserva. Se está convirtiendo en la infraestructura de la relevancia y el rendimiento en un mundo con restricciones en materia de privacidad, una evolución que concuerda plenamente con lo que creemos en KERV.

 

La búsqueda y el descubrimiento se están reinventando

 

La forma en que Google planteó el tema fue reveladora: la IA no está sustituyendo al buscador, sino que se está convirtiendo en una capa de asistencia que se superpone a él. Los resúmenes generados por IA aparecen cada vez más en la parte superior de los resultados, determinando lo que los usuarios ven en primer lugar.

 

Los consumidores siguen buscando pruebas e información, pero las vías de descubrimiento están cambiando rápidamente. Gartner prevé que el uso de los motores de búsqueda tradicionales disminuirá un 25 % para 2026 y que, para 2028, el tráfico de búsqueda orgánica hacia los sitios web caerá un 50 % o más, a medida que los consumidores recurren cada vez más a los asistentes de IA generativa para buscar y descubrir contenido, lo que significa que, en los próximos años, aproximadamente la mitad de toda la actividad de búsqueda podría tener lugar fuera de los motores de búsqueda clásicos. Para los anunciantes y los editores, esto debe suponer una llamada de atención: el descubrimiento está pasando de los enlaces a las conversaciones, mediadas por agentes y modelos de lenguaje grande (LLM) que deciden qué —y quién— es lo más importante.

 

Perspectivas de futuro: los ganadores apostarán por la simplicidad y se ganarán la confianza

 

La IAB y el IAB Tech Lab se están posicionando claramente como un elemento unificador entre la inteligencia artificial, la privacidad y la medición. Sin embargo, la gran cantidad de marcos e iniciativas también refleja la fase inicial y la fragmentación del ecosistema.

 

La próxima era de la publicidad no la ganará quien sea el primero en adoptar la IA, sino quienes la apliquen de forma responsable, transparente y al servicio de los resultados que los consumidores realmente desean.

 

El sector no necesita más automatización por el simple hecho de automatizar. Necesita simplificación, menos intermediarios y sistemas que puedan demostrar su valor, no solo optimizar el gasto.

 

La era de la agencia ya está aquí. La pregunta es: ¿la moldearemos con intención o dejaremos que ella nos moldee a nosotros?

 

 

Lee el artículo en Advertising Week.

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